Editors-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Jeffrey M. Bethony
Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
E-mail: [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Santiago Mas-Coma
Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
E-mail: [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Vanessa Steenkamp
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
E-mail: [email protected]

Nazni Bte Hj. Wasi Ahmad
Senior Research Officer, Medical Entomology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
E-mail: [email protected]

President Executive-Editor-in-Chief
Prof.Cui Bo
Hainan Medical University Journal Publisher, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
E-mail: [email protected]

Deputy Editors-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Jong-Yil Chai
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Dr. Pierre Roques
ImmunoVirology Division, Institute for Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

Dr. Alcides Troncoso
Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Dr. Stephen Munga
Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

Associate Editors-in-Chief

Prof. Giuseppe La Torre
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Prof. Odir Antônio Dellagostin
Biotechnology Unit, Center for Technology Development, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

Prof. Sung-Jong Hong
Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Prof. Hassan Vatandoost
Department of Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and National Institute of Health Research, Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran

Prof. Maria José Ferreira
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Dr. Leonard E. G. Mboera
National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Prof. Dr. Ivàn Darìo Vélez
Facultad de Medicina,Universidad de Antioquia, Medellìn, Colombia

Editorial Directors

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Saravanan Thangamani

Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, USA

Prof. Dr. Laura Bongiovanni
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy

Statistic Editors

Assoc. Prof. Khaled Khatab        
Health Economics Modelling and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK

Assist. Prof. Sarath Chandra Janga
Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA

Executive Editors

Prof. Dr. Salah Akkal
Department of Chemistry,University of Constantine, Constantine, Algeria

Dr. Hervé Hoste
French National Institute for Agricultural Research, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France

Prof. Thomas N. Jr. Tully
Department Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, USA

Prof. Dr. Barbara R Conway
Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

Executive Members of Editorial Board

Assoc. Prof. Vittorio Sambri
Unit of Microbiology, Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Prof. Dr. Qiushui He
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Assist. Prof. Dr. Bindu Sukumaran
Emerging Infectious Diseases Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore

Prof. Dr. Suhail Ahmad
Department of Microbiology,  Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait

Prof. Indra Vythilingam
Department of Parasitology,  University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Wael Mohamed Abou EL-Makarem EL-Deeb
Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources,  King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ben Slama Karim
Département de Biotechnologie,  Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia

Prof. Bing Huang
Department of Animal Parasitology, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China

Prof. Xiao-Nong Zhou
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China

Dr. Nahid Einollahi
Department of Lab Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Prof. Dr. Munir Aktas
Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

Dr. José Manuel Lorenzo Rodríguez
Researcher in Meat Technology Centre of Galicia, Meat Technology Centre of Galicia, Galicia, Spain

Prof. Dr. Jeong Hwan Shin
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital,Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea

Luis Ignacio González Granado
Teaching assistant, Immunodeficiencies Unit , Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

Dr. Abhishek Mathur

Executive Director (R$D), NCS Group, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Dr. Ahmed Ismail
Consultant Clinical Pathologist & Chief Lab Services, Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar

Dr. Américo David Rodríguez Ramírez
Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Chiapas, Mexico

Prof. Xue-Jie Yu
Department of Pathology,University of Texas Medical Branch, Texas, USA

Prof. Arun Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, India

Prof. Dr. Chia-Kwung Fan
Department of Parasitology, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, Taipei

Assist. Prof. Dr. Cyrille Bisseye
Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou , Burkina Faso

Prof. Dr. Dongmi Kwak
College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea

Dr. Donovan Anthony McGrowder
Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Hospital of The West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

Dr. Farouk El Allaki
Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Quebec, Canada

Prof. Dr. Gabriel Trueba
Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador

Assoc. Prof. Gordana J. Dragovic Lukic
Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Dr. Hanspeter Marti
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland

Prof. Dr. Herbert Auer
Department of Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu
Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway

Dr. Irma Khachidze 
Department of Behavior, Cognition Functions and Human Psychophysiology, Beritashvili Institute of Physiology, Tbilisi, Georgia

Dr. Jean-François Faucher
Praticien hospitalier en maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Besançon, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital Minjoz, Besançon cedex, France

Dr. José A. Oteo
Infectious Diseases Department, Center of Rickettsioses and Vector-borne Diseases, Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, Spain

Dr. Juraj Majtán
Section of Molecular and Applied Zoology, Institute of Zoology,Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia

Dr. Kalman Imre
Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania

Dr. Kingsley Badu
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, College of Health Science, Accra, Ghana

Lala Ravaomanarivo
Département d'Entomologie, de la Facultés des Sciences d'Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Prof. Dr. Liwang Cui
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Pennsylvania, USA

Assist. Prof. Dr. Luís R. Silva
Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering (FEUP)
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Dr. M. Fawzi Mahomoodally
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

Mamadou C Baldé
Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Kindia, Guinée

Prof. Dr. Milkyas Endale
Department of Chemistry, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

Dr. Mochammad Hatta
Molecular Biology and Immunology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Department Microbiology, Faculty Medicine
Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Moses Samje
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon

Assist. Prof. Muftah A. M. Shushni
Department of Pharmacognosy,University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya

Dr. Muhammad Akram
Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Dr. Musso Munyeme      
Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

Prof. Dr. Nguyen Hoang Loc
Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam

Dr. Prof. Obembe Olawole    
Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

Prof. Dr. Pius Tshimankinda Mpiana    
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Prof. Dr. Polrat Wilairatana   
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine,  Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Dr. Pravin Malla Shrestha     
Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA

Dr. Rebuma Firdessa       
Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany  

Prof. Rinaldo Poncio Mendes       
Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, Brazil

Dr. Robin A J Nicholas
Mycoplasma Group, Department of Statutory and Exotic Bacteria, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge),  Surrey, United Kingdom

Dr. Assoc. Prof. Samath D Dharmaratne      
Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya , Sri Lanka

Dr. Assist. Prof. Song Gao    
Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Houston, Houston, USA

Dr. Assist. Prof. Tarig Mohamed Saad Alnour      
Department of Microbiology, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan

Dr. Tashi Tobgay
Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health Royal Government of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan

Dr. Thomas Dorlo  
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Prof. Tohru Gonoi
Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

Dr. Vania Giacomet
Department of Paediatrics, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano ,Italy

Dr. Veasna Duong
Virology Unit, Insitut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Assist. Prof. Dr. Weaam N. E. Ebrahim       
Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Dr. Xuanming Shi
Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

Assist. Prof. Dr. Yong Song
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

Dr. Yu Pang
National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Assist. Prof. Yuki Eshita
 Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan

Dr. Bartholomew N. Ondigo

 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya