| BASIC RESEARCH |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 8
| Issue : 3 | Page : 173-178 |
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Synsepalum dulcificum extracts exhibit cytotoxic activity on human colorectal cancer cells and upregulate c-fos and c-jun early apoptotic gene expression
Jichang Seong1, Glenn G Oyong2, Esperanza C Cabrera2
1 Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
2 Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue; Molecular Science Unit Laboratory, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
Correspondence Address:
Esperanza C Cabrera
Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue; Molecular Science Unit Laboratory, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922
Philippines
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 13 |
DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.227999
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Objective: To explore cytotoxicity of Synsepalum dulcificum (S. dulcificum) Daniell (Sapotaceae) on human colon cancer (HCT-116 and HT-29), human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) and normal (HDFn) cell lines, and its effect on the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun. Methods: Leaf, stem and berry of S. dulcificum were separately extracted by using 2 solvents, 10% ethanol (EtOH) and 80% methanol (MeOH). PrestoBlue® cell viability assay and qRT-PCR assay were conducted to examine the above objectives respectively. Results: Stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum were cytotoxic to HCT-116 and HT-29 human colon cancer cells. For HCT-116, IC50 values of these 3 extracts were not significantly different (P>0.05) from that of the positive control bleomycin (IC50 of 33.57 μg/mL), while for HT-29, IC50 values of these 3 extracts were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of bleomycin (IC50 of 25.24 μg/mL). None of the extracts were cytotoxic to the THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells and HDFn normal human dermal fibroblasts. For both HCT-116 and HT-29, these extracts significantly up-regulated (P<0.05) the expression of c-fos and c-jun compared to the untreated negative control. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that cytotoxicity of stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum on HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells is due to the induced apoptosis which is caused by the up-regulation of the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun.
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